Driving Force
More active metal replaces less active metal!
Activity Series for metal and ion formed:
Cs(+1) > Rb (+1) > K(+1) > Ba(+2) > Sr(+2) > Ca(+2) > Na(+1) > Mg(+2) >
Al(+3) > Mn(+2) > Zn(+2) > Cr(+3) > Fe(+2) > Cd(+2) > Co(+2) > Sn(+2) >
Pb(+2) > H(+1)
> Cu(+2) > Ag(+1) > Hg(+2) > Au(+3)
1. Fe(s)
+ CuSO4(aq)
FeSO4(aq)
+ Cu(s)
Fe(s) + Cu+2
Fe+2 + Cu(s)
OX: Fe(s)
Fe+2 + 2e-1
RED:Cu+2 + 2e-1
Cu(s)
2. Cu(s)
+ FeSO4(aq)
NR
3. Zn(s)
+ FeCl2(aq)
ZnCl2(aq) + Fe(s)
Zn(s) + Fe+2
Zn+2 + Fe(s)
OX: Zn(s)
Zn+2 + 2e-1
RED:
Fe+2 + 2e-1
Fe(s)
4. 2Al(s)
+ 3ZnCl2(aq)
2AlCl3(aq) + 3Zn(s)
2Al(s) + 3Zn+2
2Al+3 + 3Zn(s)
OX: 2Al(s)
2Al+3 + 6e-1
RED:3Zn+2 + 6e-1
3Zns)
5. 2Al(s)
+ 6HCl(aq )
2AlCl3(aq)
+ 3H2(g)
2Al(s) + 6H+1
2Al+3 + 3H2(g)
OX: 2Al(s)
2Al+3 + 6e-1
RED:6H+1 + 6e-1
3H2(g)
6.
Ag(s) + HNO3(aq)
NR
7.
Pb(s) + 2AgAc(aq)
PbAc2(aq) + 2Ag(s)
Pb(s) + 2Ag+1
Pb+2 + 2Ag(s)
OX: Pb(s)
Pb+2 + 2e-1
RED:2Ag+1 + 2e-1
2Ag(s)
8. 3H2(g)
+ 2Au(NO3)3(aq)
6HNO3(aq) + 2Au(s)
3H2(g)
+ 2Au+3
6H+1 + 2Au(s)
OX: 3H2(g)
6H+1 + 6e-1
RED:
2Au+3 + 6e-1
2Au(s)